Hampton Normal & Agricultural Institutes American Indian Students, 1878-1923 Compiled and edited from American Indian student files held in the archives of Hampton University in Hampton, Virginia. Jon L. Brudvig, Ph.D. 1994 & 1996 All rights reserved. Original location: Male Students: Names P to Z Packard, Harry: Arapaho (Cheyenne & Arapaho Agency, OK) October 1904-December 1905. Dismissed for "bad conduct." Night watchman, carpenter, and farmer. Pamani, Frank (Hoots While Walking): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) [M. Celeste Pamani (HI Couple)]. November 1878-September 1881. Frank returned for a second time in July 1884 with his wife, Celeste. The couple left HI in July 1885 due to Celeste's illness. Carpenter, issue clerk, farmer, and butcher. "Biggest dancer on reservation." Frank was the nephew of Chief Wizi and the son of Bedonka, chief of the Yantonais. Parker, Andrew: Oneida (WI) September 1891-November 1898. Farmer and general laborer. "Doing well." Parker, Asher Wright: Seneca (Cornplanter, PA) September 1897 until running away from HI in June 1898. Asher joined the Navy and later was a sailor in the merchant marines. Also worked as a bookkeeper and in construction. Parker, Carl Maxwell: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) [M. Clara Bell Schingler (HI)]. September 1910-November 1912. Expelled from HI for repeatedly using vulgar language at the dinner table. Machinist. Died in November 1921. Parker, George Adams: Omaha (NB) October 1886-January 1887. Farmer. Described by school officials as "weak in mind." George was killed in a drunken fight in July 1895. Parker, Nicholson Henry: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1910-May 1912. Left HI when the government appropriation ended. Machinist, farmer, and carpenter. "Doing well." Parker, Samuel (Najuna): Omaha (NB) September 1892-February 1893. Expelled from HI for "bad conduct." Died on July 11, 1895. Parkhurst, Alexander: Oneida (WI) November 1888-July 1893. Alexander later attended Carlisle Indian School. "Industrious. Works for white farmers." Parkhurst, Charles: Oneida (WI) July 1888-August 1892. Bandmaster, disciplinarian, and industrial teacher in the United States Indian Service. Later appointed to the position of Government Farmer. Pattee, Frederick Hartman: Sioux & Cherokee (Sumas, WA) [Son of John Patee and Lottie Smith Pattee, HI alumni]. April 1909-September 1911. Expelled from HI for "grossly immoral conduct." Frederick continued his education in Dedham, Massachusetts. Laborer and printer. *Pattee, John: Sioux (Cheyene River, SD) [M. Lottie Smith (HI)]. November 1888 until graduating in May 1891. Carpenter and teacher in government boarding schools. Died on August 13, 1900 during an operation. His son, Frederick, also attended HI. Patterson, Asa E.: Tuscarora (Tuscarora, NY) [Son of Holland Patterson (HI)]. September 1897-April 1899. Missionary's assistant, bridgework and steamfitter. Patterson, Holland Day: Tuscarora (Tuscarora, NY) September 1892-June 1893. Not allowed to remain at HI because he was "over age." Minister, farmer, storekeeper, carpenter, and painter. Holland's two children, Katie and Asa, attended HI. Patterson, James: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) [M. Mattie Sundown (HI)]. September 1892-May 1895. Farmer & laborer. Payer, Alex: Winnebago (NB) September 1895-June 1898. Farmer and carpenter. "Hard worker." Paypay, Fred: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) Fred was born at HI in 1887. He was the son of James and Antoinette Paypay who came to HI in November 1886 to participate in the family program. Fred returned home with his parents in July 1889. Paypay, Harrison: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) Harrison was the son of James and Antoinette Paypay. He was born at HI in December 1888 and returned home with his parents in July 1889. Paypay, James: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) [M. Antoinette Paypay (HI Couple)]. November 1886-July 1889. Came to HI with his wife, Antoinette. The couple's two children, Fred and Harrison, were both born at HI. Agency carpenter and assistant blacksmith. Pease, David (Walking Bird): Crow (Lodgegrass, MT) [Son of Mary Walker Pease, a former HI student]. September 1903-January 1906; October 1907-November 1908; January 1909-February 1909. Sent away in 1906 for bad conduct. David was allowed to return to HI in 1907, but was expelled from the school in February 1909 for "insolence & insubordination." Farmer. Pelkey, Albert (Coonnu): Winnebago (NB) September 1896-September 1899. Joined the Navy, but later went AWOL. Painter. Perry, Samuel: Absentee-Shawnee (Shawneetown, OK) August 1885-July 1889. Tailor, farmer, and preacher. Peters, Alexander (Peyan): Menominee (Green Bay, WI) November 1879-July 1884. Farmer, logger, and blacksmith. Died in October 1922. Peters, Eugene: Tuscarora (Tuscarora, NY) September 1892-June 1893. "Ran away." Farmer. Died before 1898. Phelps, Edwin: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) [M. Ellen Phelps (HI Couple]. November 1886-June 1887. Brought his wife Ellen and three children to HI. Another child, Obed, was born and later died at in 1887. Farmer, teacher, and missionary. Phelps, Gideon: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) November 1886-June 1887. Nine year old Gideon accompanied his parents, Edwin and Ellen Phelps, to HI. He entered HI's Junior Class. Phelps, Matteos: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) November 1886-June 1887. Ten year old Matteos accompanied his parents, Edwin and Ellen Phelps, to HI. He entered HI's Indian Class. Laborer. Died December 24, 1909. Phelps, Obed: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) The child of Edwin and Ellen Phelps, a HI couple. Obed was born at HI and died an infant on March 21, 1887. He is buried in the school cemetery. *Picotte, Charles (Miniskuga=Salt Water): Sioux (Yankton, SD) [M. Marguerite LaFlesche (HI)]. December 1879-May 1884; November 1884 until graduating in 1886. Stayed at HI 1886-1887 for post-graduate studies. Teacher and farmer. Died February 3, 1892. Pierce, Alva Manning: Onondaga (Allegany, NY) March 1907-May 1909. Famer, brick mason, and lumberman. Pierce, Edward Newton: Onondaga (Allegany, NY) September 1915-October 1917. Left HI without permission and found employment at Camp Stuart's commissary. Laborer in nearby Newport News, Virginia. *Pierce, LeRoy: Onondaga (Allegany, NY) October 1905 until graduating in 1908. School assistant, machinist, and general laborer. Pierce, Smith (Surnace): Onondaga (Cornplanter, PA) September 1897-April 1898. Left HI due to an illness. Farmer until his death in 1899. Pilcher, William (Eumpaz): Omaha (NB) October 1893-June 1899. William attended St. Luke's School in Bustletown, Pennsylvania, after October 1894. "Done very well." Farmer and cashier for Nebraska-Moline Plow Company. Pleets, Jesse: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) [Son of John Pleets (HI)]. October 1901-June 1904. Janitor and clerk. Pleets, John (Zitkana-ska=White Bird): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) November 1878-September 1881. In charge of the agency stables, butcher, and farmer. John's son, Jesse, also attended HI. Described as "an honest, industrious man." Pleets, Joseph (Hoksila): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) October 1887-July 1890. Farm instructor, blacksmith, and manager of the agency stables. "Shows wisdom in tribal councils." Plenty, David (Sunkode): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) October 1889-1891. David contracted typhoid fever while on his summer outing in Massachusetts and died in August 1891. Plummer, Clarence W.: Seneca (Allegany, NY) August 1897-April 1901. Farmer and railroad employee. Pole-Ant, Tyrrell (Wonyepoke): Kiowa (Kiowa, Comanche & Wichita Agency, OK) October 1889-1890. The son of Pole Ant, a Kiowa chief, died at HI on March 15, 1890. Buried in the school cemetery. Poler, James Benjamin: Chippewa (Pearson, WI) November 1907-January 1908. James was allowed to return home early due to homesickness. Poodry, Dudley: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) September 1913-May 1914; September 1915-April 1916. Expelled for poor conduct. Farmer and factory worker. Poor Elk, John: Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) July 1885-August 1885. Sent home due to an illness. John died at his home in 1885. Poor Thunder, George (Sitting Eagle): Sioux (Rosebud, SD) September 1900-August 1903. Railroad worker, rancher, and farmer. Porcupine, Paul (Pahin): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) November 1888-July 1891. Farmer. Died around 1898. Powless, Alfred: Oneida (WI) July 1888-June 1896. Alfred studied agriculture at the University of Wisconsin from 1899 until 1900. Band member, farmer, and factory worker. Alfred later became the Town Supervisor of Oneida, WI, and an Oneida chief. Died on March 1, 1922. Powless, Duncan William: Onondaga (NY) October 1900-June 1905. Received a certificate in Steamfitting in 1905. Machinist. Froze to death in February 1909. Powless, Hyson: Oneida (WI) October 1886-January 1891; September 1891-August 1893. Printer, bandmember, and farmer. Powless, Lyman (Tantetolus or Dr. War Eagle): Oneida (WI) July 1888-December 1891. Expelled from HI for "bad conduct." Carpenter, farmer, and "Indian doctor." Powless, Martin: Oneida (WI) July 1903-June 1907. Graduated from Flandreau Indian School in 1909. Farmer. Martin served in the Army and later joined the Navy. World War I veteran. Powless, Purcell: Oneida (WI) September 1895-November 1898. Grandson of Henry Powless, the Oneida Chief. Attended Carlisle for five years before HI. Continued his studies at Flandreau, SD, and Haskell Institute. Machinist's helper, motorman, chauffeur, and taxicab operator. Died December 4, 1917. *Powless, Richard: Oneida (WI) October 1885 until graduating in 1888. Printer, teacher, surveyor, and farmer. Prairie Chicken, Paul (Siyo=Prairie Chicken): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) July 1885-January 1887. Left HI due to an illness. Farmer. Paul later changed his name to Paul First Hawk. Pratt, Nick (Paacys): Cheyenne Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Nick died at HI on May 30, 1879. Buried in the school cemetery. Pratt, Thomas: Pawnee (Pawnee Agency, OK) October 1888-July 1890. Thomas was expelled from HI for dishonesty. Student and assistant tailor at Chilocco. Farmer. Pretty Flute: Charles: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) November 1885-May 1888. Carpenter, farmer, and missionary. Died March 30, 1899. Pretty Hand, Joseph (Nape-waste): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) June 1884-June 1887; October 1887-July 1888. Returned home due to illness and worked as a carpenter and farmer until his death in November 1888. Printup, Horatio R.: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) September 1897-June 1900. Farmer and musician. "Lazy." "Lets children work to support him." Provost, Joseph Garver: Omaha (NB) February 1912-October 1912. Joseph was expelled from HI for drinking alcohol. Harness and shoemaker. Provost, William (Little Bear): Omaha (NB) September 1892-May 1893. Expelled for bad conduct. Rancher. Rabbit, Charles (Mastincala): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) June 1884-September 1884. Left HI due to an illness. Blacksmith. Died January 24, 1892. Ramon, Josa: Papago (Pima, AZ) September 1899-October 1902. Rancher, President of the Papago Progressive League, and Presbyterian missionary. Died on May 10, 1918. Also known as John Cachora. Ramsey, Charles Dick: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) September 1891-June 1894. Carpenter, blacksmith, farmer, and rancher. "Doing well." Ramsey, George (Onskadawakan): Omaha (NB) August 1884-June 1888. Farmer. "Good man." Rattling Rib, Louis (or Louis Horn): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) Son of Chief Rattling Rib. June 1884 until leaving early due to an illness in July 1885. Blacksmith, Indian policeman, and catechist. Raymond, Charles John: Winnebago (NB) September 23, 1919-November 12, 1919. Left HI without permission to enlist in the Navy. Recontre, Francis (Haygaektome=Elk Spider): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) November 1878 until his death at HI on December 26, 1879. Buried in the school cemetery. Recontre, Henry (Ali=Stepping On):Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) November 1878-September 1881. Farmer and blacksmith. Died in 1884. Recontre, James: Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) December 1882-May 1884. Carpenter, farmer, stockraiser, and Agency interpreter. James was also the Secretary of the Tribal Business Committee. "Good man." Recontre, Lezedo: Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) [M. Margaret Fallis (HI)]. November 1878-September 1881. Farmer, stockraiser, teacher, interpreter, policeman, missionary's assistant, and carpenter. Died May 1, 1907. Red Bear (Mato-Luta): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) September 1883-November 1884. Left HI early due to failing health and died in 1885. Red Fish (Hogan-Luta): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) September 1883-November 1884. Chief Big Mane's son left HI due to an illness and died at home on December 30, 1884. Red Hawk, John (Cetan-duta): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) October 1887-July 1890. Farmer, policeman, catechist, and Deacon in the Episcopal Church. Red Horse, Joesph (Sunkasda): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) August 1886-September 1889; September 1891-October 1892. Returned home due to an illness. Carpenter and farmer until his death in 1896. Red Owl, Isaac (Hinhankaga-duta): Sioux (Santee, NB) October 1893-May 1895. Farmer. Red Stone, Barney (Bdoka): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) October 1887-July 1889. Farmer and general laborer. Shot to death on January 21, 1892. Reed, Amos: Oneida (WI) November 1888-July 1893. Amos attended Carlisle after leaving HI. Railroad worker and Farmer. Reed, Isaiah: Oneida (WI) [M. Phoebe Stevens (HI)]. September 1892-June 1895. Dismissed from HI for drinking. Farmer, night watchman, and assistant engineer at Oneida Boarding School. Also worked as a brick mason and carpenter. Reed, Joel: Oneida (WI) September 1898-June 1899. Expelled from HI for drinking. Farmer, government school employee. Reed, Thomas Butler: Aleut [or Beaver] (Anvik, Alaska) [M. Lucinda Doxtater (HI)]. May 1915-April 1916; September 1916-June 1917; September 1919-April 1922. Interrupted his studies at HI to enlist in the Army during World War I. Teacher. Thomas also assisted E. Sapir, head of the Anthropological Division of the Canadian Victoria Memorial Museum, with the Athabascan language stock. Rice, Dan Reuben: Winnebago (NB) July 1887-September 1888. Dismissed for bad conduct. Joined a medicine show, driver, carpenter, farmer, and policeman. Died in 1914. Rice, Samuel Jasper: Mission (Riverside, CA) December 1909-January 1912. Editor of The Indian, published in Riverside, CA. Samuel later became the Grand Treasurer of the Mission Indian Federation. Rich, Ben (Luchewada): Oto (Oto Agency, OK) August 1885-February 1886. Expelled from HI for bad conduct. Policeman and farmer. Died in 1906. Rios, James (Santiago): Papago (AZ) February 1881-January 1882. Left HI due to an illness. Farmer. Died in 1886. Rios, Paul (Pablo): Papago (AZ) February 1881-June 1883. Expelled from HI for bad conduct. Died in 1886. "Was a bad boy and used his training and knowledge to aid himself in rascality." Rivers, Joseph: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) October 1893-June 1894. Expelled for bad conduct. Later ran away from another school in Genoa, NB. Successful farmer and stockraiser. Robb, John: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1878-1879. John became ill during his 1879 summer outing and died in New York on August 21, 1879. He was the son of Chief Tatankaska, but was adopted by the agency trader. Roberts, Andrew: Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) September 1883-May 1884. Assistant at a government school until his illness. Died in July 1887. "Earnest Christian worker and did a great deal of good by precept and example." *Roberts, Henry Ellis (Piahruhukaraharu=Fancy Bird): Pawnee (Pawnee, OK) [Son of Rush Roberts (HI)]. October 1906 until graduating in 1908. Henry later completed Haskell Institute's Commercial Course in 1910. Assistant clerk in the United States Indian Service and farmer. Roberts, Jacob (Chago): Pima (AZ) October 1898-May 1900. Carpenter at the Phoenix Indian School, clerk, and farmer. Roberts, Rush: Pawnee (Pawnee, OK) August 1885-June 1887. Rush left HI due to an illness and died in 1888. His children, Henry and Nellie Roberts, both attended HI. Roberts, William (Aquacca): Mohave (San Carlos, AZ) February 1881-May 1884. Carpenter. Died in 1887. Roberston, Gabriel: Sioux (Sisseton, SD) [M. Elizabeth Robertson (HI couple)]. Gabriel and Elizabeth arrived at HI in November 1888 to participate in the school's family program. The couple left HI in July 1889 due to Elizabeth's illness. Gabriel farmed until his death on October 2, 1893. Robertson, Gamaliel: Sioux (Sisseton, SD) Gamaliel, the son of Gabriel and Elizabeth Robertson, a HI couple, was born at HI in April 1889 and died at the school six weeks later on May 10, 1889. He was buried in the school cemetery. Robertson, Norman: Sioux (Sisseton, SD) November 1888-July 1891. Issue clerk, farmer, stock raiser, and catechist. Norman also held the position of Boss Farmer. Robinson, Henry: Sioux (Santee, NB) August 1890-July 1893. Farmer and proprietor of a small hotel and diner. Roman Nose, Henry (or Henry Caruthers): Kiowa Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Henry left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, PA. He remained at Carlisle for two years. Tinner at the Cheyenne Agency and Cheyenne chief. Died June 13, 1917. Roman Nose State Park and Roman Nose Canyon in Oklahoma are named in his honor. *Ross, Joseph Cook: Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) September 1898 until graduating in 1900. Clerk, trading store manager, and successful stockraiser. Ross, Josiah: Eastern Band Cherokee (NC) September 1894-June 1897. House painter. Josiah continued his studies at Haskell Institute and died in 1900 while returning home from Haskell. He was the great-grandson of John Ross, the famous Cherokee chief. *Ross, Oliver (Hake-waste): Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) September 1899 until graduating in 1903. Also awarded a Blacksmithing certificate in 1902. Clerk in the government service, farmer, stockraiser, and postmaster. Ross, Owen: Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) September 1899-October 1900. School officials dismissed Owen because his record at HI was "unsatisfactory." Dairyman in a Pine Ridge school, store clerk, and shoemaker. Owen was the County Auditor for Bennett County, South Dakota. Rouillard, Alexander (Mozahoksidan): Sioux (Santee, NB) October 1893-June 1898. Continued his education at an Indian boarding school in Genoa, NB. Died from TB in June 1901. Rouillard, Charles: Sioux (Santee, NB) September 1894-June 1895. Sent away because HI officials deemed Charles to be "poor material." Tailor, band and orchestra leader in government schools. Director of the All Nations Orchestra, Freeman, South Dakota. Rouillard, David: Sioux (Santee, NB) September 1890-June 1894; September 1894-March 1896. Left HI due to an illness. Attended the Genoa Indian School until he became too ill. David died on April 25, 1897. Rouillard, Jesse: Sioux (Santee, NB) September 1894-October 1898. Attended Rigg's Institute and Carlisle. Farmer and mail carrier. Rouillard, Thomas J. (Hepan): Sioux (Santee, NB) October 1893-June 1896. Continued his studies at Haskell Institute and a divinity school in Minnesota. Farmer, carpenter, and ordained Episcopal minister. Rowlodge, Henry: Arapaho (Cheyenne & Arapaho Agency, OK) October 1904-July 1905. Henry came to HI after graduating from Carlisle Indian Industrial School in 1904. Henry became dissatisfied with HI and left following the 1904-1905 school year. Store clerk and farmer. Ruff, William: Sioux [Oglala Band] (Pine Ridge, SD) October 1903-October 1904. Returned home when his father passed away. Farmer and stockraiser. Rulo, Charles (Matoska): Sioux (Ponca Agency, NB) November 1886-June 1890; September 1890-June 1891. Dismissed from HI for "unsatisfactory conduct." Industrial teacher, disciplinarian, and freighter. Died in March 1918. Running With, John (Agna-inyanke): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) August 1886-September 1889. Blacksmith. Died before 1908. Russell, Sennan (Eamott=Dirt): Yuma (Fort Yuma, CA) Entered HI in September 1910 following his graduation from the Phoenix Indian School and remained until September 1912. Band member, music teacher at the Fort Yuma Indian School, and farmer. Also served as Treasurer of the Yuma Indian Agricultural Club. Sagyeonkte, Andrew (Cane-to-Kill-With): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) September 1883-September 1884. Left HI to due an illness and died in March 1885. Sampson, Martin Joseph: Swinomish (Tulalip, WA) [Sampson belonged to the Skagit River Tribe but grew up on the Swinomish Reservation and enrolled there]. October 1908-October 1909. Left due to "homesickness & poor health." Engineer at Salem Indian Training School, mechanic in various government schools, and logger. *Sapcut, William (Ukahpitty): Comanche (Kiowa Agency, OK) September 1913 until graduating in 1918. William was drafted during World War I but was rejected because of poor health. He returned to HI during the 1918-1919 school year and was employed as an assistant curator at the school's museum. Later attended Kansas State Agricultural College in Manhattan, KS. Saul, David (Hepan=Second Born): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) [M. Bessie Swift (HI)]. December 1882-July 1886. Shoemaker and farmer. Died in December 1901. David's step-father, William Saul, also attended HI. Saul, Moses H.: Sioux (Santee, NB) [Son of William Saul (HI)]. October 1893-June 1896. Farmer. Saul, William (Heyoka-tokeca=Strange Clown): Sioux (Yankton, SD) October 1881-April 1882. Thirty-one year old William left his job as a catechist to improve his English language skills at HI. Episcopal Deacon and farmer. Sawyer, Allen: Cherokee (NC) October 1894-December 1899. Drank heavily while at HI. In 1897, HI officials sent Allen North to receive treatment for alcoholism. Railroad foreman. Allen later deserted his wife. Student file notes that he "vanished." Scanandoah (Skenandore), Chapman: Oneida (NY) November 1888-August 1889; September 1892-July 1894. Machinist in the United States Navy. Spanish-American War veteran. Scanandoah (Skenandore), Joel (Taligone): Oneida (NY) [M. Ellen Crouse (HI)]. September 1892-July 1896. Farmer, Railroad crossing watchman, and laborer. Joel's daughter, Elsie, also attended HI. Scanandoah (Skenandore), Nicholas: Oneida (NY) October 1889-May 1891; September 1892-May 1895. Machinist, farmer, and businessman. Scanandore, William Thomas: Oneida (Onondaga, NY) September 1903-June 1904. Factory worker, enlisted in the United States Navy, and farmer. Scott, Solon Woodruff: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) October 1906-January 1908. Father's illness necessitated his return home. Laborer and farmer. "No good, bootlegger." Scott, Ulysses Grant: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) October 1907-January 1909. Left HI due to "want of interest." Farmer. Seartstste, Edward French (Seartstste=Boy): Caddo (Kiowa Agency, OK) September 1921-June 1922. Came to HI after graduating from Chilocco in 1921. After leaving HI Edward attended Haskell Institute. Seger, Donald Homer (Rock Coming Up): Arapaho (Cheyenne & Arapaho Agency, OK) September 1914-May 1917; September 1917 until leaving without permission on October 20, 1917 to work at Camp Stuart. Disabled World War I veteran. Donald later attended Haskell Institute and the American Indian Institute, Wichita, Kansas. Seneca, Jacob Stanley: Cayuga (Cattaraugus, NY) October 1902-June 1904. Farmer. Seneca, Wilbur Eli: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1911-May 1912. Left HI due to the end of the government appropriation. Machinist. Shanks, Daniel Webster: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) September 1898-April 1900. Desribed as a "poor student." Laborer and farm hand. Died in April 1911 in a sawmill. Shanks, Grover Cleveland: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) October 1907-May 1909; October 1910-May 1912. Farmer and Thomas Indian School employee. Sharp Horn, George (Shooting Bear or Hoonooktewan): Arikara (Fort Berthold, ND) November 1878 until his death at HI on January 21, 1879. Buried in the school cemetery. Shawnee, David: Adopted Absentee-Shawnee (Shawnee, OK) 1920-1922. David's biological parents were both black. (Biographical sheet missing) *Shawnee, Lafayette: Adopted Absentee-Shawnee (Shawnee, OK) Both of Lafayette's parents were black. November 1906-May 1909; September 1909 until graduating in 1912. Also awarded an Agricultural certificate in 1910. Farmer, agriculture teacher, and high school principal. Lafayette served as the County Agent for Kingfisher County, Oklahoma and the Farm Demonstrator for Atoka, Oklahoma. He also taught at Langston University, Langston, Oklahoma, "the colored state university." Sheppard, Walter John: Sioux (Santee, NB) September 1911-December 1912. Studied steamfitting at HI until his expulsion for drinking. Salesman. Sherman, Edmund: Omaha (NB) September 1903-June 1904. Left HI early after Madeline Tyndall's parents reported that Edmund was the father of their daughter's child. Farmer. "Doing real well." Sherman, Isaac D.: Omaha (NB) November 1908-May 1909. Harnessmaker and farmer. Shield, Lucas (Wahacanka): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) [M. Julia Kathleen (HI)]. June 1884-July 1885. Left HI due to an illness. Farmer, missonary's assistant, and carpenter. Committed suicide in 1890. Shot Twice, James (Nonpaopi): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) August 1886-September 1889. Returned home and built himself a house, married, and started a farm. Farmer. Died in July 1891. Sickles, Samuel: Oneida (WI) October 1893-December 1900. Spent nearly two years in the North while attending HI. Printer, farmer, motorman, and laborer. Simmons, David: Sioux (Yankton, SD) November 1878-September 1881. Teacher, interpreter, Issue Clerk, Y.M.C.A. Secretary, and farmer. Simpson, Albert H.: Arikara (Fort Berthold, ND) [Son of White Breast (HI)]. June 1898-June 1901. Albert graduated from Carlsile in 1907 and continued his education at Haskell Institute. Blacksmith, postmaster, farmer and Assistant County Assessor in Elbowoods, ND. Albert later became an Arikara Chief. Single Feather, Santee (Wiyaka-Wanjina): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) September 1883-May 1884. Left HI due to an illness. Agency carpenter and farmer. Also called William Santee. Siyaka, Clarence (Mato Catka=Left-Hand Bear): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) October 1901-December 1902. Expelled from HI for "immorality." Laborer and farmer. "Up and down. Drinks." Skenandore, Abram: Oneida (WI) October 1889-October 1893. Farmer and boss in a cranberry marsh. Skenandore, Anderson (1st): Oneida (WI) September 1891-December 1899. Remained in the North for two years prior to his return home. Farmer and painter at a boat works. Skenandore, Anderson (2nd): Oneida (WI) September 1895-June 1901. Awarded a certificate in upholstery in 1900. Farmer, carpenter, and brick mason. Also elected Town Supervisor and Assessor of Hobart, WI. *Skenandore, Edward: Oneida (WI) September 1900 until graduating in 1903. Stayed at HI until October 1904 for post-graduate Agriculture courses. Edward later enrolled in a two year agriculture course at the University of Wisconsin. Industrial teacher and farmer. "Good man, hard worker." Justice of the Peace and Town Assessor for Oneida, WI. Died January 6, 1953. Skenandore, Eli: Oneida (WI) [M. Lavinia Adams (HI)]. September 1896-June 1901. Farmer, carpenter, and brick mason. Elected Town Clerk for Hobart, WI. Eli held the distinction of being the first American Indian appointed as a juror for the Circuit Court for Brown County, WI. Skenandore, Elias (1st): Oneida (WI) October 1893-October 1897. Farmer and general laborer. Skenandore, Elias (2nd): Oneida (WI) September 1898-June 1901. Farmer. Skenandore, James: Oneida (WI) [M. Electa Cooper (HI)]. October 1889-July 1891. Farmer, blacksmith, and Roadmaster for Hobart, WI. "Good home and farm. Drinks." The couple's son, James, also attended HI. Skenandore, James Jesse: Oneida (WI) September 1913-May 1914. Refused to remain at HI during the summer and left the school. Joined the Army and farmer. His parents, James and Electa, also attended HI. Skenandore, Jemison: Oneida (WI) September 1891-July 1893. Expelled from HI for intemperance. Farmer and laborer. "Drinks, not very good worker." Skenandore, Jesse: Oneida (WI) October 1893-June 1897. Farmer and laborer. "Works hard." Skenandore, Jonas: Oneida (WI) [M. Ellen Baird (HI)] July 1888-June 1891. Dismissed from HI for "bad conduct." Farmer and musician. Skenandore, Richard: Oneida (WI) September 1891-July 1894. Farmer. "Awful drunkard & fighter." Skenandore, Sheppard: Oneida (WI) [M. Elsie Powless (HI)]. October 1897-June 1901. Farmer and roadmaster for Hobart, WI. Died on February 26, 1919. Sheppard was the grandson of Chief Daniel Bread. Skenandore, Willard: Oneida (WI) September 1898-October 1901. Farmer and carpenter. "Doing very well, fixed own house." Grandson of Chief Daniel Bread. Skenandore, William: Oneida (WI) September 1898-June 1901; October 1901-December 8, 1902. Dismissed from HI for "immorality." Laborer and farmer. Oneida chief who organized a chapter of the Indian Defense Association in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, to recover Oneida land. Skenandore, Wilson: Oneida (WI) [M. Phoebe Baird (HI); M. Irene Archiquette (HI)]. November 1888-December 1893. Blacksmith and member of the United States Indian Band. Died October 28, 1907. Sky, William (Mahpiya): Sioux (Santee, NB) September 1890-May 1891. Left HI due to an illness and died in February 1892. Skye, George: Seneca [Tonawanda Band] (Tonawanda, NY) [M. Jennie Tallchief (HI); M. Sarinda Hill (HI)]. September 1903-June 1904. Dismissed from HI for being "troublesome & unsatisfactory in conduct." Laborer. Skye, Wilbur: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) Son of Robert Skye, a Seneca chief. September 1908-May 1912; October 1913-May 1916. Awarded a machinist's certificate in 1914. Remained at HI to study the electrician's trade. Farmer, electrician, and factory worker. Sleeper, John Kendrick (Tawanu=Bangs): Arapaho (Cheyenne & Arapaho Agency, OK) [M. Cordelia Geary (HI)]. October 1904-June 1907. Studied carpentry at HI. Policeman and farmer. *Sloan, Thomas: Omaha (NB) October 1886 until graduating as class valedictorian in 1889. Continued his education after graduating from HI and studied law with Hiram Chase. The pair opened a law practice together after Sloan's admission to the bar in April 1891. Sloan held various political offices in addition to his work as a lawyer and businessman. Thomas was elected County Surveyor of Thurston County and Mayor of Pender, Nebraska. In January 1904 Thomas Sloan became the first American Indian admitted to practice law before the Supreme Court of the United States. He was one of the founding members of the Society of American Indians and editor of the American Indian Magazine. Herbert Work, the Secretary of the Interior, appointed Thomas to the Committee of One Hundred. The committee's investigations culminated in the Meriam Report, a scathing critique of the government's Indian policies. Slow, Asa W.: Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) January 1905-November 1905. Left HI due to an illness. School engineer, laborer, night watchman, and Indian policeman. World War I veteran. Smite, William: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) September 1891-August 1892. Left HI due to an illness, but joined the Army upon his return home. Assistant carpenter, farmer, stockraiser, and blacksmith. "Excellent record." Smith, David McKinley: Cherokee (NC) September 1919 until leaving HI without permission on November 12, 1919. Smith, Elwood: Cherokee (Birdtown, NC) October 1904-December 1905. Expelled from HI for "bad conduct." Farmer. Smith, Eugene F.: Oneida (WI) October 1897-June 1899. Attended Lawrence College in Appleton, Wisconsin. Eugene later graduated from the Medical College of Wisconsin in 1905 and operated a thriving medical practice in Milwaukee, WI. Smith, Henry Everett: Little Lake [or Liomkai Poma] (Round Valley, CA) September 1904-December 1907. Awarded a machinist's certificate in 1907. Henry spent 1908 in the north practicing his trade. Laborer and rancher. Smith, Jackson: Cherokee (NC) February 1895-October 1896. Left HI due to an illness. Assistant tailor at Haskell Institute. Jackson died at Haskell in Kansas in February 1902. Smith, James Richard: Digger or Paiute (Winthrop, CA) October 1905-October 1906. Engineer in the United States Indian Service and trading store owner. Smith, Lloyd: Cherokee (NC) October 1894-February 1896. Dismissed for "unsatisfactory conduct." Policeman, farmer, and railroad employee. *Smith, Luther Simpson: Oneida (WI) October 1912 until graduating in 1916. Remained at HI to enter the post-graduate Business Course in 1917-1918. Farmer and shipyard employee. Smith, Milton William: Oneida (WI) September 1900-June 1903. Farmer. Smith, Noah: Cherokee (NC) October 1904-December 1905. Expelled from HI for "bad conduct." Farm laborer in CT. Smith, Oscar: Oneida (WI) September 1900-May 1904. Graduated from Carlisle in 1908. Farmer. Oscar was elected Town Clerk and Treasurer for West DePere, WI. He also served a Justice of the Peace for Oneida, WI. Smith, Robert Bruce: Oneida (WI) September 1902-June 1907. Robert later attended Haskell Institute from 1908-1909. Stenographer and railroad fireman. Smith, Thomas (Nowatesh): Hidatsa (Fort Berthold, ND) November 1878-September 1881. Interpreter, farmer, blacksmith, herder, and storekeeper. "Prosperous, reliable." Smith, William (Eskeyaza): Navaho (Fort Defiance, AZ) September 1901-June 1904. Left HI due to an illness. Phoenix Indian Industrial School employee. Sneed, Pieco: Cherokee (NC) February 1895-May 1899. Farmer, lumber inspector, and railroad foreman. Snow, Leroy: Seneca (Allegany, NY) October 1909-May 1912. Machinist and farmer. Snyder, Jeremiah: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) September 1897-June 1899. Dismissed because he was "not earnest in school." Farmer and railroad employee. Soaring Eagle (Ma-ah-chis): Cheyenne Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, PA. Soman, Charles (Sonon=Dry Grapes): Menominee (WI) November 1879-January 1882. Logger, band member, farmer, grocer, and laborer. Somers, Charles: Oneida (WI) October 1893-June 1894. Dismissed for "unsatisfactory" performance at HI. Laborer and farmer. Spotted Eyes, Charles (Istagleska): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) June 1884-July 1885. Carpenter, blacksmith, and farmer. Died around 1902. Spring, Hanover: Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) April 1903-May 1906. Hanover joined the Navy after leaving HI in 1906. Remained in the service until returning home to New York to farm in 1914. When war broke out Hanover re-enisted in 1917. World War I veteran. Machinist. Springer, Wallace: Omaha (NB) September 1903-August 1907. Wallace was a member of the United States Indian Band at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair. Lease clerk at Osage Agency. Retired from the government service in 1942. Stabler, Armell: Omaha (NB) [Son of Roy Stabler (HI) and Josephine Armell Stabler (HI)]. October 1919 until leaving HI in June 1920 to continue his education at Tama, Iowa. Stabler, Eddie: Omaha (NB) One year old Eddie came to HI in August 1882 with his parents, Philip and Minnie Stabler. He left the school in March 1885 when his parents returned home. Died in August 1912. Stabler, George (Nahetish=Don't Touch Coals): Omaha (NB) [M. Eunice Woodhull Stabler (HI couple)]. September 1902-June 1904. Left HI in 1904 due to illness but returned to HI in 1917 with his wife and her nephew, Freddie Merrick. The pair's son, Hollis Andrus Stabler, was born at HI on Febuary 9, 1918. Left in 1918 because George expected to be drafted. Clerk, realtor, interpreter, disciplinarian, farmer, carpenter, and mail carrier. Stabler, Guy: Omaha (NB) August 1882-June 1885. Farmer, assistant interpreter, and realtor. Guy became an Omaha chief in 1906. Stabler, Philip: Omaha (NB) [M. Minnie Stabler (HI couple)]. August 1882-March 1885. Arrived at HI with his wife, Minnie, and son, Eddie. Philip was the first participant in the school's Home-Building program funded by the Women's National Indian Association of Connecticut. Carpenter and farmer. Died on April 15, 1894. *Stabler, Roy Dorsey (Ondehit): Omaha (NB) [M. Josephine Armell (HI)]. September 1890-July 1893; October 1893 until graduating in 1896. Teacher, county surveyor, clerk, postmaster, and owner of the Winnebago Chieftain. Roy later entered the United States Indian Service. His son, Armell Stabler, also attended HI. Stabler, Simeon: Omaha (NB) October 1893-June 1898. Simeon later attended Grant's Institute and Carlisle Indian School. Laborer and farmer. Stafford, Roscoe Oliver: Onondaga (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1908-March 1911. Farmer. Stago, Benjamin (Stago): Apache (San Carlos, AZ) February 1881-May 1884. Interpreter, scout, assistant issue clerk, and farmer. Standing Crow, George (Kanginajin): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) April 1885-April 1886. Left HI due to an illness. Carpenter, policeman, and farmer. Died in 1902. St. Cyr, David: Winnebago (NB) May 1881-August 1885. Bellboy, farmer, interpreter, clerk, and storekeeper. Described as a "cheat & grafter." St. Cyr, Louis: Winnebago (NB) October 1893-June 1895. Record at HI listed as "unsatisfactory." Industrial teacher, bookkeeper, freighter, and farmer. "Drunkard." Stevens, Mitchell (or Mitchell Stephens): Oneida (WI) September 1894-October 1898. Farmer. Stevens, William (Wahohun): Sioux (Sisseton, SD) August 1885-October 1886. Left HI due to an illness. Farmer and blacksmith. Stevenson, Nuss: Wichita (Kiowa Agency, OK) July 1903-October 1907. Nuss was the son of Stevenson, a Wichita chief who died in 1898. Continued his education at Carlisle after, HI. Agency stableman and farmer. Stone, Charlie (Tuncan-wicahca): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) November 1878-September 1879. Left HI due to an illness and Died at home in 1880. Charlie, the son of Chief Dog Back, was the first Indian buried in the Church cemetery at Crow Creek. Stricker, David (Tawakankdi-wakanna=His Holy Lightning): Sioux (Yankton, SD) October 1881 until running away with Albert Fontenelle in February 1886 to enter Haskell Institute. Carpenter. "Dances, drinks, etc." Died in April 1909. Stricker, George (Mahpiya-duza=Swift Cloud): Sioux (Yankton, SD) October 1879-October 1883. Clerk, farmer, Y.M.C.A. leader, and apprentice to the agency physician. Striped Face, John (Ite): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) September 1894-June 1897. Carpenter, farmer, and stockraiser. Died on October 26, 1936. Also called John Good House. Summers, George Joseph: Chippewa (La Pointe, WI) September 1910-December 1912. Dismissed for his "refusal to go to school or work." Died October 28, 1928. Sun Chief, Peter: Pawnee (Pawnee, OK) October 1886-September 1887. Returned home due to an illness and died in 1887. *Sundown, Roland Burnett (One Without A Garden): Seneca (Tonawanda, NY) September 1918 until graduating in 1923. Later attended Philips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. In 1932 Roland graduated from Dartmouth College. Teacher and Seneca chief. Sunkaska, Joseph (White Dog): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) October 1881-July 1885. Carpenter, blacksmith, policeman, and farmer. "Good boy." Later changed his name to Joseph White Dog. He was the Nephew of Chief Little No Heart. Sutasni, Leory (Suta-sni): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1878-September 1881. Agency employee, farmer, and catechist. Died March 27, 1923. Also called Leroy Sutesni or Leroy Shutaschnay. Swan, Thomas Joseph (Nalamishkn): Chippewa (White Earth, MN) October 1901-July 1902. "Ran away from summer place on hearing father was ill." Harness shop and watch repair business. Swayney, Jesse (Wahhiyah): Cherokee (NC) October 1902-June 1903. "Poor material." Farmer. Swayney, Lorenzo D.: Cherokee (NC) February 1895-June 1897. Farmer, teacher, and laborer. "Making a good record." Swift Worm (Wamini-Luza): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1878 until he returned home due to illness in April 1879. Died in 1879. Also called Swift Whirlwind. Tall Chief, Archie: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) October 1912-July 1913. Left HI early due to "needs of family." Laborer and farmer. Tarbell, Joseph (Teneiutatte): Mohawk (St. Regis, NY) February 1906-August 1906. "Deserted while north." Logger and farmer. Tasso, John: Cheyenne (Kingfisher, OK) July 1906-December 1908. Farmer. "Has made good." Tasunkawaste, Joseph (Good Horse): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) October 1881 until his death at HI on November 15, 1882. The nephew of Chief Little No Heart is buried at HI. Tatiah, Charles (Cha-hyx-tu-rah-he): Pawnee (Pawnee, OK) June 1882-May 1884. Left due to ill health. Charles tried to teach school at Fort Berthold Agency, ND, but was too weak. Died March 18, 1885. "Remarkable character." Tatiyopa, Henry: Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) [M. Laura Butler (HI)]. September 1896-June 1900. Carlisle graduate (1902), assistant clerk at Kiowa Agency, OK. Died July 6, 1907. Tebo, Frank: Winnebago (NB) July 1887-September 1889. Farmer and co-owner of a broom factory. "Bad reputation." Ten Bear, Charles: Crow (Crow Agency, MT) September 25, 1903-December 29, 1903. Expelled from HI for "grossly immoral conduct." Thomas, Cyrus: Pima (Sacaton, AZ) September 1906-May 1910. Studied manual trades at HI. Farmer, store clerk, Y.M.C.A. President, and Sunday School Superintendent. "Fine fellow." *Thomas, Daniel N.: Pima (Sacaton, AZ) (file missing) January 1912 until graduating in 1916. Earned a printer's certificate in 1915. Died in 1915. Thomas, Jackson: Pima (Sacaton, AZ) December 1906-May 1910. Carpenter and farmer. Thomas, Kimball Franklin: Onondaga (Onondaga, NY) September 1910-May 1914. Awarded a certificate in Agriculture in 1914. Farmer. *Thompson, Henry Brodette: Shinnecock & Negro (NY) October 1900 until graduating in 1906. Also awarded a carpentry certificate in 1904. Golf course employee and stableman. Thompson, James (Wicakaska): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) November 1878-September 1881; September 1883-March 1885. Teacher, carpenter, farmer, catechist, mail carrier and stage driver. Also known as James Ferdinand. Thompson, Joseph Winnebago (Hotanka=Loud Voicel): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) November 1878-September 1881. Farmer, carpenter, wheelwright, and policeman. Also called Joseph Winnebago. Thompson, Oliver: Tuscarora (Tuscarora, NY) October 1912-May 1914; September 1915-August 1916. Left his summer place without permission and was later dismissed for "immorality during vacation." World War I veteran. Farmer and factory worker. Thompson, Reuben: Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) November 1888-July 1890. Farmer. Died June 1, 1899. Tiakin, Martin (Charging Thunder or On the House): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) Son of Chief Charging Thunder. October 1887-June 1890. Returned home due to ill health and died in 1890. Tiaokasin, John (Looks-into-the-lodge or Porcupine): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) [M. Rosa Pleets Tiakosin (HI Couple)] October 1881-September 1884; April 1885-January 1887. John returned to HI with his new bride in October 1887. The couple's son, Richard, was born at the school in March 1888. The family returned home in May 1889. Agency carpenter, Additional Farmer, and stockraiser. John was active in the Y.M.C.A. and President of the Returned Students Association. Died in 1912. Tiaokasin, Richard: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) Richard was born born at HI on March 4, 1888. He was the son of John and Rosa Tiaokasin, a HI couple. Returned home with his parents in May 1889. Tichkematse (Squint Eyes): Cheyenne Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, PA. Died or lost while collecting birds for the Smithsonian Institution in 1882. Tiffany, Francis (Pretty Eagle Tail): Crow (Crow, MT) September 1903-January 1906. Expelled for bad conduct. Described as "mean, disorderly, poor student." Returned home too ill to work and died March 30, 1906. Tishaspa, Hayden: Apache (White River, AZ) January 1905-December 31, 1906. Expelled from HI for "gross immorality." Stockraiser. Tiyowicakte (Killed-in-the-House): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) October 1881-June 1883. Left HI due to an illness. and died in 1884. Tompkins, George: Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) August 1885-July 1886. Left HI due to an illness. Blacksmith, agency engineer, and farmer. Tompkins, Thomas: Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) August 1885-July 1886. Left HI due to ill health. Farmer. Died in 1913. Thomas built the church at Medicine Creek. Tounkeah: Kiowa Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Captain Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, where he stayed until March 1880. Agency employee. "Works when he has a chance." Townsend, Reuben: Wichita (OK) August 1885-July 1889. Reuben spent 1887-1889 working in Connecticut and Massachusetts. Assistant at Chilocco after returning home. Died April 26, 1890. Traversie, Theophile: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) August 1890-July 1894. Farmer, cowboy, and stockraiser. Truthteller, William (Itze Zi): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) September 1892-May 1894. Farmer. Died in 1898. Tsadle-Tah (White Goose): Kiowa Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Died on October 6, 1879 in Lee, Massachusetts. Turkey, DeForest: Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1893-June 1897. Steamboat engineer, band member, farmer, and laborer. Tuttle, Thomas (Wakanyan-najin=Standing Holy): Sioux (Yankton, SD) October 1881-September 1884. Agency interpreter, school assistant, miller, issue clerk, farmer, and Presbyterian missionary. "One of our leading Indian churchmen." Twin, Rufus (Nahegah): Winnebago (NB) September 1894-February 1896. Expelled for "bad conduct." Sold his land, squandered the money. Worked in a livery. Rufus was arrested in 1898 for selling liquor to Indians. He was also active in the mescal society. Tyndall, William Fontenelle (Heduba=Four Horns): Omaha (NB) September 1921-June 1922. Continued his studies after HI at the Kimball Union Academy in Meriden, NH, and St. Stephens College. Farmer and World War I veteran. *Tyner, John: Absentee-Shawnee (Shawnee, OK) September 1900 until his graduation in June 1904. Farmer. "Owns considerable property." Died July 9, 1919. Uhakeumpa (Carries Flying or Thomas P. Fly): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) [M. Alma Ramsey (HI)]. November 1878-September 1881. Uhakeumpa's first wife was one of Sitting Bull's daughters. Wheelwright, clerk, scout, farmer, missionary, carpenter, and blacksmith. Died in 1909. His son, Joseph Fly, also attended HI. *Ukipata, Edward Knudson (Okipatan=Rolling Over or Buffalo Chief): Sioux (Santee, NB) September 1897 until graduating in 1901. Stayed for post-graduate studies 1901-1904. Awarded a Normal School certificate in 1904. Carpenter and farmer. Step-son of Horse Chief Eagle, a Ponca chief. Usefulheart, Henry (Hoksita-tanka): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) September 1890-October 1893. Clerk, blacksmith, policeman, farmer, and stockraiser. "Good record. Honest & reliable." Van Every, George (Gyohno): Onondaga (Onondaga, NY) October 1910-May 1912. George continued his studies at a business college and later studied agriculture at Cornell University. Laborer and bookkeeper in the U.S. Indian Service. Died September 12, 1927. Van Metre, Luther: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1884 until running away from HI at his father's urging in February 1885. Rancher. Vaughn, Gerald: Yuma (Yuma, AZ) September 1909-June 1911. Expelled from HI for "immorality" when word reached HI that he impregnated one of the female students at Fort Yuma Indian School. Southern Pacific Railroad employee and Yuma pumping plant worker. Verigan, Francis (Ganashu=Nightboy): Tlingit (Wrangell, Alaska) September 1919-May 1921. Arrived at HI after graduating from Carlisle in 1918. Left HI to attend Philips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts. Pursued a career in theater and performed on Broadway. "On the stage." Voice, John (Honkiyapi): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) [M. Alice Sacred Iron]. October 1887-September 1889. John came to HI after Alice's death to acquire an education. Left HI due to ill health. Farmer until his death in 1901. Voice of the Cloud, Stephen (Mahpiya-hotona): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) September 1883-September 1884. Left HI due to an illness. Died February 13, 1888. Voorhees, Telma: Apache (San Carlos, AZ) February 1881-February 1884. The nephew of Chief Antonio left HI at the chief's request in the spring of 1884. Served as an interpreter, clerk, and scout until his death in December 1884. Wahacanka (Shield or Bear Shield): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1884-February 1885. Indian policeman and farmer. Wahn, Joseph: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1878-September 1881. Army scout and blacksmith. Died October 28, 1886. Also called Joseph Marshall. Wahnetah (or Wahhanette), William: Cherokee (NC) September 1894-October 1896. Government school employee, farmer, clerk, and sheriff. Wahnetah, Samuel Chapman: Cherokee (NC) [Son of William Wahnetah (HI)]. September 1919-May 1921. Samuel told Caroline Andrus that he left HI to enter Haskell Institute "because I wasn't learning anything." *Walker, John Green: Navaho (Fort Defiance, AZ) August 1896 until graduating in 1898. John remained at HI during the 1898-1899 school year to take post-graduate business courses. Employed as a clerk at HI 1899-1901. Later found work as a clerk, postmaster, and store owner. John moved to Los Angles in 1912 to study law. Walker, John T. (Mahpiyatahepiya): Sioux (Sisseston, SD) August 1885-November 1885. Left HI due to an illness. Farmer. Walker, Samuel: Pawnee (Pawnee, OK) September 29, 1911-October 24, 1911. Expelled when school authorities learned that Samuel spent a night in a house of prostitution on his way to HI. Walking Eagle, Joseph (Wambdimani): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) September 1891-September 1893. Sent home on account of ill health. Died from tuberculosis in 1893. *Wall, Asa Elwood: Pottawatomi (Shawnee, OK) September 1903 until graduating in 1906. Attended High School in Milton, MA. Garage manager, clerk, realtor, chauffeur, and farmer. Asa enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1917. World War I veteran. Wallace, Henry: Commanche (Kiowa Agency, OK) August 1885-September 1888. Farmer. Henry took an active role in church and temperance work. Wankicun, Frank (or Frank Lefamboise): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) October 1887-July 1890. Farmer and stockraiser. "Doing well." Wannapin, George (Necklace): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) October 1881-September 1884. Camp school assistant, catechist, farmer, and policeman. Died around 1906. Nephew of Chief Medicine Bull. Washburn, Harry Hartman (One Cloud): Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) [M. Irene Pierce]. September 1898-May 1899. Sent home for "unsatisfactory conduct & uncertain heath." Also attended Carlisle. Farmer and laborer. Washburn, Herbert Eugene (Two Clouds): Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1898-May 1899. Dismissed for "unsatisfactory conduct & uncertain health." Died in November 1902. Washington, Charles: Oto (OK) October 1889-September 1893. Charles pursued additional training in art in Melrose, Massachusetts. Chilocco employee, policeman, and farmer. Later changed his name to Charles Daly. Waterman, Edward Chester (To Beat): Onondaga (Onondaga, NY) September 1916-February 1917. Farmer. Joined the U.S. Marine Corps. Nephew of Charles Doxon, a HI graduate. Watson, William: Omaha (NB) June 1880-June 1882. Left HI due to an illness and died on May 13, 1883. Watts, Cephas Alvord (Breaks): Seneca (Allegany, NY) September 1911-May 1912. Left HI when the government appropriation failed. Farmer, railroad and lumber mill employee. Webster, Albert: Oneida (WI) [M. Olive Powless (HI)]. September 1898-June 1902. Farmer. *Webster, Isaac Newton: Oneida (WI) [M. Josephine Hill (HI)]. September 1896 until graduating in 1902. Awarded a certificate for Harnessmaking in 1901. Stayed at HI during the 1902-1903 school year for post-graduate Agriculture studies. Industrial teacher, disciplinarian, church interpreter, and farmer. Isaac became the Town Chairman of Hobart, WI, and was a member of Brown County's Board of Supervisors. "Excellent in every way." Webster, Isaac (2nd): Oneida (WI) October 1904-November 1905. Sent home due to illness. Webster, Isaiah: Oneida (WI) September 1896-June 1902. Farmer, lumberman, and laborer. Webster, Lyman Brown: Oneida (WI) September 1899-May 1902. Dismissed for "immorality." Later attended Haskell Institute. Railroad employee and laborer. Died in 1918. Wells, David (Ingthungasha=Catching Thunder): Omaha (NB) August 1884-July 1887. Farmer. "No good." "Lazy." Welsh, Crescentius (Sicola): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) September 1892-July 1893. Left HI early due to illness. Farmer. Died January 1, 1904. Welsh, Herbert (Mahpiya-Mato=Cloud Bear): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) Son of Chief Two-Packs. November 1888-October 1891. Episcopal missionary, catechist, deacon, interpreter, and grocer. Welsh, Herbert Hawkshield, Jr. (Tatankaiyotake=Sitting Bull): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) [Son of Herbert Welsh (HI)]. November 1922-June 1923. Advised to return home to rest, "suspicious TB." World War I veteran and musician in the 5th Infantry Band. Missionary and teacher. Welsh, Mark: Cherokee (NC) September 1894-1898. Worked in Conway, Massachusetts during 1898-1899. Remained in the north after leaving HI. Farmer. Wesley, Judas: Cherokee (NC) September 1894-June 1897. Farmer and railroad worker. Weston, Logan Spider (Cankaga=Log): Sioux (Ponca Agency, NB) August 1885-September 1888. Later a student and harnessmaker at Grant's Institute in Genoa, NB. Died in 1896. Whalen, Richard: Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) November 1909-March 1910. Left at his "own desire & expense" after drinking alcohol at HI. Laborer and clerk. Wheelock, Benjamin: Oneida (WI) December 1893-June 1894. Farmer. Wheelock, Foster: Oneida (WI) September 1899-June 1900. Dismissed because HI officials deemed Foster to be "mentally deficient." Farmer. Wheelock, Lehigh: Oneida (WI) November 1888-July 1891; September 1891-July 1893. Farmer, music teacher, band leader, land agent, and mail carrier. Lehigh was also elected Town Chairman of Oneida, WI. Died in June 1920. Whirling Hand, Jacob: Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) September 1895-June 1896. Left HI due to an illness and died in 1897. *Whistler, John (Wethena): Sac & Fox (OK) October 1889 until graduating in 1891. Continued his education at the Kimball Union Academy in Meriden, NH. Managed a store, movie theater, and gift shop. Elected the town Treasurer of Lanesborough, Massachusetts. White, Baco: Ute (Uintah,UT) October 1898-June 1899. Left HI because of chronic eye problems. Actor in the touring production of "The Four Squaw Men." Forest ranger. Died in 1912. White, James (Grenita): Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1892-March 1893. Farmer and laborer. White, John (Hittewah): Arapaho (Cheyenne & Arapaho Agency, OK) October 1904-August 1908. Farmer in the government service. "Fine fellow, making splendid record." Died in 1918. *White, Ralph Emerson: Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) September 1904 until graduating in 1908. Stayed at HI 1908-1910 for the post-graduate Business Course. Carpenter, printer, clerk in the reclamation service, and farmer. White Back (Nasudish or Lasute): Hidatsa (Fort Berthold, ND) October 1881 until his death at HI on January 24, 1882. Buried in the school cemetery. White Bear (Wahnakuuu): Arapaho Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, PA. Scout and cowboy. White Bear, Samuel (Mato-ska): Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) November 1909-January 1910. Left at his own request and expense. Described as "homesick, discontented & unhappy." Died while serving in the military at Camp Cody, Deming, New Mexico, in April 1918. White Breast (Sayedda): Mandan (Fort Berthold, ND) November 1878-1880. Returned home due to ill health in the fall of 1880. Carpenter and farmer. Died in 1888. His son, Albert Simpson, later attended HI. White Bull, Charlie (Tatankaska): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) November 1878-June 1880. Herder, clerk, and farmer at Standing Rock, ND. "Progressive man." Died April 27, 1899. White Man (Ahsit): Cheyenne Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, PA. Stockraiser and farmer at Cheyenne Agency in Indian Territory. White Plume, Joseph (Itecanhin-ska): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) November 1888-October 1891. Farmer, policeman, church worker, and catechist. Chairman of the Standing Rock Business Committee. "Excellent record." Wicks, Charles Matches (Lean Bear): Cheyenne (Cheyenne & Arapaho, OK) December 1901-September 1902. Left his summer outing without permission. Laborer, farmer, mail carrier, and missionary. Also called Charles Matches. Wilkinson, Joseph: Arikara (Fort Berthold, ND) June 1898-December 1901. Farmer. Died February 12, 1914. Williams, Clifford Irving: Onondaga (Onondaga, NY) September 1910-February 1915. Carpenter. Joined the U.S. Navy. Williams, James Prettyhair (Pahinthagthin): Ponca & Negro (Ponca, OK) September 1897-June 1899. Assistant industrial teacher, agency blacksmith, and farmer. James was elected a Ponca chief in 1903. Williams, Nathan: Navaho (Fort Defiance, AZ) September 1900-July 1901. Left HI due to ill health and entered the Fort Lewis Boarding School in Colorado. Blacksmith and farmer. Died in 1902. *Williams, Reuben: Tuscarora (Tuscarora, NY) September 1910 until graduating in 1915. Awarded a carpenter's certificate in 1914. Pursued his trade after graduation. Died October 11, 1923. Williams, Spencer Fischer (Howangdo): Seneca (Cattaraugus, NY) September 1898-June 1901; October 1901-May 1902. Expelled from HI for "immorality." Continued his education and graduated from Carlisle in 1905. Musician and owner of a music studio in New York City. Spencer later joined the Barnum & Bailey Circus. Willis, Charles (Padani): Sioux (Yankton, SD) November 1878-February 1881. Left HI due to failing health and died April 26, 1881. Wilson, Cooper: Absentee-Shawnee (Shawneetown, OK) October 1888-September 1889. School officials expelled him on the grounds of "insanity." Cooper worked at Chilocco Boarding School. Died in 1893. *Wilson, Frank (or Frank Yeago): Sioux (Pine Ridge, SD) October 1901 until graduating in 1906. Frank remained at HI until October 1907 for the post-graduate Agricultural Course. Continued his education at Haskell Institute. School disciplinarian, farmer, stockraiser, and Deputy Sheriff. Wise Adolph (Aonayanpi): Sioux (Standing Rock Agency, ND) August 1890-January 1893. "Good farm." Leader in the Congregational Church. Later changed name to Wise Spirit. Wizi, John (Wizioa): Sioux (Crow Creek, SD) [Son of Chief Wizi]. September 1892-October 1895; May 1897-June 1900. John continued his education at Carlisle. Agency interpreter, carpenter, and clerk. Died in August 1906. Wolf, Tinola: Cherokee (NC) March 1895-February 1896. Returned home due to failing health. Died at home in 1896. Wolfe, Abel: Cherokee (NC) November 1896 until his death at HI on May 25, 1901. Wolfe, Joseph J.: Cherokee (NC) November 17, 1917 until November 29, 1917. Joseph arrived at the school and was diagnosed with trachoma during his physical examination. The school's nurse told him he would have to stay out of school for a few days. Joseph believed the nurse dismissed him from HI so he returned home to North Carolina. *Wolfe (or Wolf), Michael Vincent (Widonique=Still Cloud): Chippewa (Reserve, WI) [M. Emma Sherer (HI)] September 1910 until graduating in 1913. Disciplinarian and teacher in the United States Indian Service. Farmer and Chief of the Lac Court Oreille Chippewa. Chief Still Cloud waged a tireless battle to bring about the end of the Indian Bureau which he believed "has made the Indian a helless legal captive, denied equality of citizenship." Woodface, Harry (Ite-can): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) June 1884-September 1888. Carpenter, farmer, soldier, catechist, disciplinarian, and stock inspector. Harry graduated from Chilocco. Member of the Tribal Council. "Good record." Later shortened name to Harry Woods. Wosica, Jerome (Kokat or Jerome Iron Eyes): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) June 1884-June 1887. Carpenter, farmer, and stockraiser. Yellow Bird, Edwin (Tankawangapapi): Sioux (Yankton, SD) August 1885-October 1886. Attended Haskell Institute. Farmer, enlisted soldier, stableman. Yellow Bird, Frank (Zitkana-zina): Sioux (Yankton, SD) November 1878-September 1881. Wheelwright, carpenter, farmer, missionary's helper, blacksmith, church organist, and teacher. Died in November 1884 from blood poisoning. Yellow Hawk, Solomon (Shot-Him-Down): Sioux (Lower Brule, SD) August 1885-September 1888. Farmer and carpenter. Died in 1889. Younce, George: Cherokee (NC) May 1896-April 1900. Died January 18, 1904 in a railroad accident. Younce, Seymour: Cherokee (NC) May 1896-May 1899; December 1899-June 1900. Died August 21, 1900. Young Eagle, Matthew (Wambdi-cistina): Sioux (Standing Rock, ND) April 1885-May 1889. Carpenter, farmer, stockraiser, and missionary. The son of Chief Two Bears died in 1893. Yuzpu (Take-It-Off): Sioux (Cheyenne River, SD) June 1884 until his health began to fail in March 1885. Died in 1885 shortly after returning home. Zonekeuh: Kiowa Arrived at HI on April 13, 1878 with Richard Henry Pratt and the other Fort Marion prisoners. Left HI in October 1879 to accompany Pratt to Carlisle, PA. Zonekeuh died at Carlisle on April 27, 1880.